Keratin is a type of protein that is found in the skin, hair, and nails. It is a fibrous protein that provides strength and resilience to these structures. Keratin is made up of amino acids that are linked together in a chain. The amino acids are arranged in a way that gives keratin its strength and flexibility.
Keratin is produced by specialized cells called keratinocytes, which make up the majority of cells in the epidermis (the outermost layer of skin). Keratinocytes produce a wide variety of keratin proteins, which are categorized into two types: alpha-keratins and beta-keratins. In humans, alpha-keratins are predominantly found in skin, hair, and nails.
The majority of hairs and nails are made from keratin. The hair shaft is made up of keratin fibers that are arranged in a spiral pattern. The nail plate is made up of keratin cells that are flattened and fused together.
The primary functions of keratin are to provide strength, resiliency, and protection to the body’s external structures. It acts as a barrier against environmental factors, such as UV radiation, chemicals, and pathogens, while also helping to maintain the skin’s natural moisture balance.
No particular products or services directly impact keratin production, yet maintaining healthy keratin levels is essential for the well-being of the skin, hair, and nails. A balanced diet, along with proper care for the skin, hair, and nails, can contribute to the overall health of the skin and its associated appendages.
A method for eliminating keratin from the skin’s surface is known as keratolytic, which involves dissolving keratin and shedding it from the skin’s surface.